Corporate

1. Introduction India’s corporate landscape is facing a silent problem, cross-border joint ventures that no longer serve their commercial purpose but continue to exist on paper. These so-called “Zombie JVs” linger in a state of regulatory and strategic limbo- inactive and yet not being fully d...

Introduction:  Cross-border Employee Stock Option Plans (ESOPs) have become an essential tool for multinational corporations to attract, retain, and incentivize talent across geographical boundaries. With the increasing globalization of businesses and the rise of multinational enterprises, companie...

I. Meaning of Dematerialization Dematerialization refers to the process of converting physical share certificates and other securities into electronic form. Once dematerialized, the securities are held in a demat account maintained with a depository participant (“DP”), thereby eliminating the ne...

Introduction The Companies Act, 2013 (“Act”), establishes a structured compliance regime for companies imposing accountability on individuals responsible for ensuring adherence to statutory obligations. Central to this enforcement mechanism is the concept of an “officer in default”—a legal...

Is it Time to Rethink PN3? It has now been over five years since the Government of India introduced Press Note No. 3 (2020 Series)1 (“PN3”), mandating prior government approval for foreign direct investment (“FDI”) from entities or individuals based in countries that share land borders with ...

Introduction The previous financial year witnessed some major changes in the Alternative Investment Fund (“AIF”) industry brought in by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (“SEBI”). SEBI has time and again systematically amended the SEBI Alternative Investment Fund Regulations, 2012 (...

Introduction Recently, the Securities and Exchange Board of India through a consultation paper dated March 20, 2025 (“Consultation Paper”), proposed an amendment to the SEBI (Share Based Employee Benefits and Sweat Equity) Regulations, 2021 (“SEBI SBEB & SE Regulations”) which essentiall...

1.    Introduction: The Securities and Exchange Board of India (“SEBI“) has issued a circular (SEBI/HO/CFD/CFD-PoD-2/P/CIR/2025/18) dated February 14, 2025 (“SEBI Circular“), introducing new requirements for listed entities concerning related party transactions (“RPT...

Introduction A buyback, or share repurchase, refers to a corporate action whereby a company repurchases its own shares from existing shareholders. This strategic manoeuvre results in a reduction of the number of shares on a pro-rata basis amongst the existing shareholders inter-se. Companies resort ...